Rape may result in the following: yy Extragenital injury yy Genital injury (usually minor, but some vaginal lacerations can be severe) yy Psychologic symptoms: often the most prominent –– Short term: fear, nightmares, sleep problems, anger, embarrassment –– Long term: Post traumatic Stress Disorder, an anxiety disorder; symptoms include re-experiencing (e.g., flashbacks, intrusive upsetting thoughts or images), avoidance (e.g., of trauma-related situations, thoughts, and feelings) and hyperarousal (e.g., sleep difficulties, irritability, concentration problems). –– Symptoms last for >1 month and significantly impair social and occupational functioning. –– Shame, guilt or a combination of both yy Sexually transmitted infections (STIs, e.g., hepatitis, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydial infection, trichomoniasis, HIV infection) yy Pregnancy (may occur)